The 60 minute magic number is an optimal value defined by VMware that will offer marginal or minimal CPU impact. Physical server transited to virtual server infrastructure (VSI) and desktop device to virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) have the crucial problems of server consolidation, virtualization performance, virtual machine density, total cost of ownership (TCO), and return on investments (ROI). I wanted to document my perspective for easy future reference. In both of the screenshots above the memory in the host was not over committed. As soon as I can I will run it and publish the result. Cisco UCS 6248 Fabric Interconnects extend the Cisco unified fabric to the servers with high-performance connectivity. We used the VDI benchmarking tool VMware View Planner 4.5 to compare the performance and scalability limits with Chrome and Edge browsers. This is done by the hypervizor to search for common block pages across the host physical memory footprint. One question I’m commonly asked (aka weekly if not daily) is what are the perfect pCPU to vCPU ratios that I should plan for, and operate to, for maximum performance. However, is this number optimal for server workloads, virtual desktop workloads, or both? If you save or bookmark the short link, you can return to your calculation at a later time. not power users but constant office use? This would allow you to augment even more the number of pages processed. Good to know that the article helped you. VMware raises the bar on CPU consolidation ratio support April 1st, ... with no special circumstances for VDI workloads; One thing to note however is the fact that the number of total virtual CPUs per host or total number of virtual machines per host did not change. if each desktop configured 2G memory, how many desktop can be run in a 128G RAM ESX if take into account the transparent page sharing. A server generally speaking has ⦠vSphere and its management tools have been designed for this purpose and not just for compute. When you create an image to base the VDI deployment, be sure to use the Current Branch. As an organization matures and invests in new tools and processes, ⦠They no longer look at the ESXi or Cluster utilisation when doing Capacity Monitoring. Most VDI environments are overcomitted anyway, so it would make sense to reduce scan time.Now, every workload is different and I recommend testing prior to make the change full scale. It is also possible to change the maximum number of page scan rate in MB/sec per GHz of Host. Remember, VDIâs big advantage is consolidation. As an example, an employee gets into the office at 8:50am power on his computer/laptop/thinclient and connects to his virtual desktop session. Usage is spiky, not predictable. Yes, users are more alike than you imagine and they will likely fire up and use applications around the same time. I suggest that you do your own tests with one of your VDI hosts and compare the results with other hosts on the cluster. For more information about Current Branch, see Windows 10 release information. The PCIe x8 APEX 2800 server offload card works with two drivers (one on the ESXi host, the other on the VMs), is managed through View Administrator, and consumes less than 15 W. The first section of this paper briefly describes the test environment (with Coupling NVIDIA GRID vGPU deployments with the Teradici PCoIP Hardware Accelerator provides extensive benefits for graphics intensive workloads by delivering an outstanding user experience; leveraging hardware acceleration on a dedicated silicon. At peak performance, this desktop uses 25%, or 625 MHZ. User Interaction: There is a coherent and predictable use pattern for virtual desktops. While outlook is downloading messages from the server the user goes to the cafeteria and get a coffee â chat little bit with colleagues â and they all get back to their workstations at the same time to fire up their financial application. Vmware view consolidation ratio. To understand the performance of Chrome and Chromium-based Edge, we performed a few View Planner experiments and compared the following parameters: VM consolidation; CPU usage; ⦠Now, because ESX is configured to scan for common blocks over the period of 60 minutes TPS will not provide major benefits during a bootstorm, and the host will potentially need to swap memory to disk if all GuestOS use the allocated memory at the same time. The fact that only small pages are used will help to augment the memory consolidation ratio without hitting hard walls such as ZIP and SWAP. Everything looks good. EXT4 vs XFS for Oracle, which one performs better? The vRealize Operations suite monitors applications and pools of resources lettings you know when there is a performance issue or you need to manage capacity. So if one cannot predict what will be virtualized, what its requirements are, or how long its lifecycle will be, we cannot create a static ratio for commitment of any resources dimensions – compute, memory, network or storage. Virtualizationâs true powerâin desktops, servers, networking and storageâis in oversubscribing, also known as ⦠I would like to highlight couple key points: BootStorms: because all virtual desktops run the same GuestOS, during a bootstorm the common blocks are even more similar than during bootstorms for various server workloads. if each desktop configured 2G memory, how many desktop can be run in a My customers took the concept further. Monitor the optimization results, until the process is complete: If using Horizon Cloud on Azure, reboot the VM and you are ready to use the image. Many VDI deployments experience performance issues and poor user experience when trying to maintain a cost-effective consolidation ratio. Even with that consolidation ratio our CPU ready was still within spec and not causing issues. Uplinks from the fabric interconnects connect directly to the Cisco Nexus® 5000 Series Switches and Cisco Nexus 2232 Fabric Extenders, which Sizing the server and storage resources for a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) can be a complex task, and there are no easy answers. Your email address will not be published. If a standard desktop is using 10% of a 2.5 GHz Single Core CPU. This is 90.4% savings. The interaction pattern is very similar for most users and this pattern offers a great deal of common memory blocks. ... * 5:1 or greater is often going to cause performance problem but might be recommended for VDI ⦠Matt, you are spot on on blade types. Test Description. Given a dual-processor, quad-core server, for example, that resulted in about eight VMs per host, or an 8:1 consolidation ratio. However, it can handcuff the line of business user who demands âalways onâ access regardless of the wide area network conditions. Officially, the company says that its hypervisor can support an average consolidation ratio of 8 VMs / core, a number that several customers report as a realistic one mostly in VDI environments. (For establishing the technology: 0.8mm) Mean Rt = 5 x the Ra value Note: In surface finish measurements a tolerance Initially I thought that there would be large VMkernel CPU overhead, but it proved to be negligible. Jay Rogers Lexington, NC, United States I am a Virtualization Architect for Novant Health, with 25 years of IT experience, and for the last 15 years I have had a dedicated focus on our Virtual infrastructure and strategy. I have not done tests changing Mem.ShareScanGHz. Great to hear Marco, Let me know how your test goes. negatively impacting CPU utilization and the VDI consolidation ratio. @Riste Ristevski Thnaks for the feedback. There is no common ratio and in fact, this line of thinking will cause you operational pain. Most VDI environments are memory bound, not CPU, therefore if you know that an additional 15% to 20% CPU hit is not a biggie you may decide to disable Large Pages support. But in the world of doing more with less, learning how to drive by contention will ensure you maximize both performance and investment – let’s make that the new challenge. This presents a new set of challenges that teams must overcome and master. This is 74.4% savings. The first step is to install a reference image of Windows 10 1607 (version 10.0.1393) on either a physical or virtual machine. Many VDI deployments experience performance issues and poor user experience when trying to maintain a cost-effective consolidation ratio. The ratio between 2 successive CH units is 1.12 The difference between 2 successive CH units is 12.2% The MAX Rt: roughly equal to 8 x Ra The mean Rt: is the arithmetic mean of the 5 Max Rt recorded on the 5 sample lengths selected. In general virtual desktop environments are memory constrained, not CPU, and any memory savings could improve the consolidation ratio. In the test we ran in January 2006 we took a dual processor, 2.8GHz clock speed with 4GB of RAM as the base ESX host. ⢠It improves the VDI consolidation ratio, reducing cost per VM. I really like this idea but wonder how often it will actually be helpful. Mem.ShareScanTime is set per host and can be defined through vCenter Advanced settings or rCLI. The reality though, this was a very “simple” view to capacity planning, operations and reporting that many were lucky to leverage it for as long as they have. Even with 320 GB of ram and 12 physical cores we were still memory bound with nearly 40% overcommitment. They have moved away from static data Excel spreadsheet to actual, live data in vRealize Operations. Most VDI environments are memory bound, not CPU, therefore if you know that an additional 15% to 20% CPU hit is not a biggie you may decide to disable Large Pages support. The fact that only small pages are used will help to augment the memory consolidation ratio without hitting hard walls such as ZIP and SWAP. They are, like you said, are “driving by Contention”. VDI consolidation ratio. (Incidentally, we should also strive to ensure no one else attempts to create, or enforce, a model like this either. In ESX, the VMware Kernel scans the guest physical memory pages randomly with a base scan rate specified by Mem.ShareScanTime, which specifies the desired time to scan the virtual machineâs entire guest memory. So if that were a modern processor without large pages disabled then TPS wouldn’t even start sharing memory and you would see no memory sharing benefits. GuestOS and Application: Just like during bootstorm there are a large number of memory block communalities across all virtual desktops that not necessarily will be picked up by TPS in time for block merge. Furthermore, itâs about much more than merely pooling previously distributed resources in a central place. You probably know it well, so let me just highlight some of the differences. The key point is that the new licensing may negatively affect those companies that have very high consolidation ratio. This type of model allows effective consumption of resources, getting you the best consolidation ratio, while ensuring application KPI’s are always met – something that cannot be done with a static ratio. Using the setting above I was able to achieve TPS savings at the order of 75% for WindowsXP guest OS running IDLE. Wars were waged over who could get a better consolidation ratio. Back in the days of VMware ESX 3.x, a good rule of thumb for virtual server consolidation was four VMs per core, said Joe Sanchez, an IT manager at hosting provider Go Daddy. I have 120 VDI in my setup. @Riste Ristevski I actually didn’t have time to run the tests yet. If speed of response is not on your side, a conservative starting point would be a 1 vCPU to 1 pCPU ratio, not taking to consideration logical CPU’s created via Hyper-threading. Let me tell you why. However, if TPS is not fast enough to utilise this communalities the hypervisor will be losing opportunity to reduce memory footprint. Because of the reasons above I have been testing Mem.ShareScanTime set to 10 minutes. The recent V-index showed that the average consolidation ratio is actually lower than was expected - 6.3:1 VMs per physical host (actual ratio) vs. 9.8:1 (perceived) References. Click Optimize. I have this setting on all 5 of my Host’s running since my last post and i like the results. Because most virtual desktops were running IDLE during the tests this is not a valid exercise or scientific benchmark. A higher consolidation ratio of virtual machines to physical servers offers better economics and lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). The speed at which you can respond to a performance or capacity issue, becomes a key mechanism to reduce risk. So your example and use case does make sense. The image below depicts 12 virtual desktop running with 1.5GB RAM and achieving 16.6GB TPS savings. Common memory blocks are seen as page sharing opportunities (TPS) and are merged in memory to reduce host memory footprint. They also need to take into account advanced concepts like a logical CPU’s not necessarily being equal to a pCPU (eg: Hyper-threading). How was your test, would really like to know how your test went. In the past we’ve used rules of thumb like 4 vCPU’s to 1 pCPU (4:1) or even as high as 10 vCPU’s to 1 pCPU (10:1) but this was based on an often unspoken assumption – those workloads were basically idle. So in order to move away from static ratios, provide value by ensuring efficient consumption of hardware investments, and support the ever increasing dynamic nature of the business, the operations model and toolsets need to be upgraded. A server consolidation project begins with data collection: gathering server statistics and resource requirements so you can determine the server consolidation ratio. The churn rate of customer environments has continued to increase, as have the size of virtual machines and their consumption of resources. This means that virtual machines will have their physical memory pages scanned within 60 minute timeframe. At the platform layer, vSphere supports large clusters of resources that are dynamically balanced by services like DRS and Storage DRS to mitigate the affects of contention over an applications lifecycle. The default value for Mem.ShareScanTime is 60 minutes. Neither any vendor has the thumb rule number to derive this ratio. VMware may be about to double this value, reaching 16 VMs / core, with upcoming versions of its desktop virtualization platform View. Today, when Management sees these numbers, they start to doubt the consolidation ratio and they think, more money can be saved if we add more VMs of similiar capacity on this host. Virtual Desktop Infrastructure Consolidation Ratios When VDI first started becoming popular it became apparent that consolidation ratios were higher. Technologies like Intel’s Hyper-threading were introduced to provide better consolidation value. As an organization matures and invests in new tools and processes, this ratio will increase as a side effect. Large excel spreadsheets became the new operational dashboards to manage capacity. During tests I observed that TPS savings increased on average 30% just augmenting the number of memory scan cycles per virtual desktop. 10, 20, 40, 60, 100? Memory overcommitment ratio: 0.6314 (63.14%) 0.4209 (42.09%) Average number of VMs per host: 15: 10: The Get Link button generates a URL for this page with all currently entered data and then shortens it using the Bitly service. If you setup VDI to logoff users automatically to save power the user will login and start outlook. VDI workload differs to Server workload.As a result, we cannot use the same approach to right size them. A higher consolidation ratio of virtual machines to physical servers offers better economics and lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). In summary, one to one gives you maximum performance at the highest cost. By this, I mean we need to invest in pools of resources for application owners and our new model becomes closely monitoring those pools for contention, which indicates the pool cannot support any more applications, and then growing them as required. Instead, they look at the Max and Average Contention experienced by the VMs in the cluster. I shared the concept here http://virtual-red-dot.info/capacity-management-based-on-business-policy/, Why the Data Scientist and Data Engineer Need to…, What’s New in vSphere 6.5: Host & Resource…, Why the Data Scientist and Data Engineer Need to Understand Virtualization in the Cloud, What’s New in vSphere 6.5: Host & Resource Management and Operations, http://virtual-red-dot.info/capacity-management-based-on-business-policy/, Virtualizing Business Critical Applications. Thus, consolidation ratios were born and became a foundation capacity planning construct for virtual environments. Besides, how to appropriately choose hypervisor for the desired server/desktop virtualization is really challenging, because a trade-off between virtualization performance and c⦠Then, the goal of the analysis phase in a server consolidation project is to create a complete definition of the consolidated end state. It was our choice to force small pages in favor of a much improved consolidation ratio. Lastly, due to virtual first polices, many customers no longer have access to profile an application stack on a physical environment before virtualizing it. This paper provides a high-level overview of the basic steps in sizing the infrastructure, plus additional items to consider. Increase VDI consolidation ratio with TPS tuning on ESX 11/01/2010 In ESX, the VMware Kernel scans the guest physical memory pages randomly with a base scan rate specified by Mem.ShareScanTime , which specifies the desired time to scan the ⦠Haven’t had any issues, I have 229 virtual computers 13 Servers between 4 locations. Its final value will be determined by your mix of applications, choice of technologies and maturity of operations which is different for every organization. A successful VDI architecture must have fewer network and infrastructure dependencies to avoid loss of productivity. vCOPS is a VMWare product and in my humble opinion, you should pratice what you preach. A higher consolidation ratio of virtual machines to physical servers offers better economics and lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). In my experience most environments do not over commit memory in production with the exception of VDI workloads. VDI Calculator v7 Now Available w/ major changes, How I Automated my Smart Home with Apple HomeKit and…, Recipe of How To fix most VMware View Agent issues, Understanding CBRC (Content Based Read Cache), How to Size Nutanix Capacity… the Unofficial…. Creating the Windows 10 image. ... CPU E5-2670 v2 @ 2.50GHz server with 250G memory how many general office desktops would people expect to run for a VDI deployment, desktops used for word/excel/access etc? If speed of response is not on your side, a conservative starting point would be a 1 vCPU to 1 pCPU ratio, not taking to consideration logical CPUâs created via Hyper-threading. From a VMware admin point of view it puts them on a tight spot. ), Instead, we need to “Drive by Contention”. On average, this desktop needs 250 MHz. Many organizations started their virtualization journeys by consolidating low hanging fruit so it was easy and not uncommon, to see very high vCPU to pCPU consolidation ratios. 3. Step 3: Deploy the Hyper-V VDI environment This is the final step in building a Hyper-V VDI environment. Mark Achtemichuk posted November 17, 2015. With modern processors and ESX 4.x, TPS is only actually used once you over commit memory. I just want to make sure everyone understands that if you don’t over commit memory then TPS will have no effect. APAC Virtualization Roundtable (vDS Deep Dive) â Wed 3/11. Technologies like memory Transparent Page Sharing, Storage IO Control and Network IO control, ensure that under times of contention, remaining resource are shared based on your business priorities, until new capacity can be leveraged. The image below depicts 12 virtual desktop running with 1.5GB RAM and achieving 13.7GB TPS savings. Many VDI deployments experience performance issues and poor user experience when trying to maintain a cost-effective consolidation ratio. Amen. In addition, to reach a higher consolidation ratio, ... For most VDI environments, use the default selection. External links This page was last edited on 30 November 2019, at 11:58 (UTC). They remain at 192 and 170 respectively. This machine had a server consolidation ratio of 7:1 when hosting server virtual If you decide to run your own tests I would be interested in your results for comparison. Consolidation typically benefits ITâdue to centralized management and provisioning. how many desktops can be run in a core, if i plan to run vista or windows 7? This topic is always a perpetual debate to define the proper ratio of physical CPU to virtual CPU in any virtualized environment. Here, you should add RD Gateway servers, RD Connection Brokers, RD Web Access, RD Licensing, and RD Virtualization Hosts to create a highly-available Hyper-V VDI ⦠It’s great to have experts like you validating what my advice to my customers. VDI workloads fundamentally differ from server workloads. how many desktops can be run in a core, if i plan to run vista or windows 7? The other method to sizing out a virtual desktop infrastructure is to collect statistics from real desktops in the environment and perform some basic calculations.
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